Amplitude Modulation and frequency modulation, both are the
type of transmission techniques for transmitting information from sender to
receiver. But the similarity between the two ends here. Amplitude modulation involves the
modulation of the carrier signal according to
the amplitude of the baseband signal. The frequency and phase of the carrier
signal remain constant.
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On the contrary, frequency
modulation involves the modulation of the carrier signal according to
the frequency of the baseband or information signal. Thus,
the major difference between the amplitude modulation and frequency modulation
is that the amplitude modulation is the process of modulating the amplitude of
the carrier signal, while frequency modulation is the modulation of the
frequency of the carrier signal.
Another significant term which
creates the difference between these two modulation techniques is the bandwidth
requirement. The bandwidth requirement in case of amplitude modulation
is very less as compared to frequency modulation.
We will discuss some other crucial
differences between amplitude modulation and frequency modulation like
frequency range, quality of transmission etc. with the help of comparison
chart. But before discussing the comparison chart, let’s put light on the
crucial cornerstone of this article.
Content: Amplitude Modulation and Frequency Modulation
1.
Comparison Chart
2.
Definition
3.
Key Differences
4.
Conclusion
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Comparison Chart
|
PARAMETERS
|
AMPLITUDE
MODULATION
|
FREQUENCY
MODULATION
|
|
Definition
|
The amplitude of the carrier
wave is modulated according to the value of the amplitude of the information
signal.
|
The frequency of the carrier
wave is modulated according to the value of the frequency of the information
signal.
|
|
Circuit designing
|
Simple
|
Complex
|
|
Cost of the circuit
|
It is less costly.
|
It is more costly than amplitude
modulation technique.
|
|
Bandwidth requirement
|
The bandwidth requirement is low
in the range of 10 kHz.
|
The bandwidth requirement is
high in the range of 200 kHz.
|
|
Area of reception
|
The area of reception is large.
|
The area of reception is limited
in comparison to that of amplitude modulation system.
|
|
Constant terms
|
The frequency and phase is constant.
|
The amplitude and phase is
constant.
|
|
Power
|
The wastage of power is more in
amplitude modulation because the significant part of the power is carried by
the carrier signals which do not contain any information.
|
The power is utilized properly,
because all transmitted power is carried by the information signal.
|
|
Noise Immunity
|
The amplitude modulation system
is not immune from noise distortion as frequency deviation technique and
amplitude delimiters cannot be utilized in amplitude modulation system.
|
The frequency modulation is more
immune to noise distortion because we can use frequency deviation technique
and amplitude delimiters.
|
|
Quality of reception
|
Low quality signal is obtained.
|
The received signal is of high
quality.
|
The amplitude modulation is the
process of transmitting the information signal by superimposing it on the
high-frequency wave called carrier wave. The information signal can
be of any type based on the type of information it is carrying such as voice,
data etc.
The frequency of the information
signal which is also known as the baseband signal is extremely low. The
frequency of the signal is directly related to the energy of the signal. Thus,
if signal frequency is very low then the signal will get attenuate after
travelling a certain distance. In order to avoid the attenuation of the signal,
it is superimposed on the high-frequency carrier wave.
In case of amplitude modulation,
the amplitude of the carrier wave modulates, i.e. it varies with the amplitude
of the information signal. Thus, the modulation is called amplitude
modulation. It is to be noted that the frequency and the phase of the
carrier remain constant during amplitude modulation.
The main drawback of the using
amplitude modulation technique is the lower efficiency and poor
quality. The modulated signal obtained from amplitude modulator does
not resemble the transmitted signal as its quality gets degraded. Besides, the
noise immunity of amplitude modulators is also poor.
The advantage of using amplitude
modulation technique is that it requires low bandwidth which
makes it less costly.
Frequency Modulation
The frequency modulation is
the technique of modulation in which the frequency of the carrier signal is
varied in accordance with the frequency of the information or baseband signal
keeping the amplitude of carrier signal constant.
The frequency modulator performs
the modulation task, in this carrier signal from radio frequency generator and
the information signal from the information source is introduced. The modulated
signal is then passed to RF amplifier which ameliorates the necessary
attenuations.
The main advantage of using the
frequency modulation technique for transmission is that quality of the
transmitted signal does not deteriorate. But the frequency modulation system is
complex to design thus, the cost of such system are quite high.
The frequency modulation system is
immune to noise distortion. Thus, the effect of noise on the
frequency modulated signal is extremely low that it can be neglected.
Key Differences between Amplitude Modulation and
Frequency Modulation
1.
The operation mechanism of amplitude modulation and frequency
modulation creates the key difference between these transmission technologies.
Amplitude modulation deals with the carrier which is modulated by the amplitude
of the signal, while frequency modulation technique deals with the carrier
which is modulated by the frequency of the modulated signal.
2.
The quality of the received signal varies in both the
techniques. The amplitude limiters can be fitted with frequency modulation
system. Thus, the distortions due to noise signal can be minimized in frequency
modulation system. On the contrary, the amplitude modulators cannot be equipped
with amplitude limiters.
3.
The frequency deviation technique also reduces the noise and can
exponentially increase the quality of the signal, but the technique of
frequency deviation is not possible in amplitude modulation. This makes the
frequency modulation better in comparison to amplitude modulation.
4.
The bandwidth requirement also plays a pivotal role in
differentiating amplitude modulation and frequency modulation. The frequency
modulation system requires high bandwidth in the range of 200 kHz. While the
amplitude modulation system requires bandwidth in the range of 10kHz for the
broadcasting information signals.
5.
The circuit architecture of frequency modulation system is very
complex in comparison to amplitude modulation system.
6.
The amplitude modulation and frequency modulation also differs in the cost
of the system. The complex design of the frequency modulation system makes it
costly in comparison to amplitude modulation system.
The amplitude modulation and
frequency modulation, both are the crucial technologies of the communication
system. Our requirements and specification of applications decide which of the
above-mentioned modulation technique should be used. If we are dealing with
such an application in which we cannot compromise with the quality of
reception, then we should opt for frequency modulation system.
However, if we are dealing with
such an application that we needn’t maintain the quality of the reception and
looking for the cheap and simple technique then we should go for amplitude
modulation technique.
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Source: electronicscoach
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