Analog vs. Digital
Modulation
Modulation is the
process of modifying one signal based on
another, and it is used mostly in the transmission of data from one point to
another. Although there are many types of modulation, there are two basic
types; analog modulation and digital modulation. The main difference between
analog modulation and digital modulation is in the manner that they transmit
data. With analog modulation, the input needs to be in the analog format, while
digital modulation needs the data in a digital format.
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Because of the
differences in the input signal, the output signal is also quite different. In
analog modulation, any value between the maximum and minimum is considered to
be valid. It is not so with digital modulation as only two values are
considered valid; one value to represent “1” and another to represent “0.” All
other values are considered noise and are rejected.
Because most signals
that we transmit are analog in nature, like one’s voice, it is far simpler to
do analog modulation than digital. If you want to transmit a voice using
digital modulation, you’d need to pass it through an analog-to-digital
converter before transmission and a digital-to-analog converter at the receiver
to recover the original signal. The additional stages needed for transmitting
digital modulation increases both the cost and complexity of the transmitter
and receiver.
The major advantage
that digital modulation has over analog transmission is how it achieves greater
fidelity. With analog modulation, any noise or interference that falls in the
given frequency bandwidth gets mixed with the actual signal. Although there are
a number of ways to mitigate noise, it will still cause some amount of
degradation. Because digital modulation only recognizes 0’s and 1’s, any noise
is virtually eliminated once the receiver discerns whether a “0” or a “1” was
transmitted. Unless the signal is very badly distorted, the output signal will
be literally identical to what was transmitted.
Under both analog
modulation and digital modulation, there are a number of other modulation
techniques each with its own strengths and weaknesses. But each technique has
its basic commonalities of transmitting either a digital or analog signal.
Summary:
1. Analog modulation
takes an analog signal while digital modulation takes a digital signal.
2. Analog modulation has a range of valid values while digital modulation only has two.
3. Analog modulation is cheaper to implement than digital modulation.
4. Digital modulation produces more accurate output than analog modulation.
2. Analog modulation has a range of valid values while digital modulation only has two.
3. Analog modulation is cheaper to implement than digital modulation.
4. Digital modulation produces more accurate output than analog modulation.
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